Colhuacan is "the place of those who have ancestors." It is the sacred site where the Colhua nobility was born, the family which ruled the Anahuac Valley for more than five centuries, from the Toltec period until Mexico-Tenochtitlan's fall.

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The Codex Colhuacan follows the steps of this nobility, whose history, which is interwoven with other Anahuac's peoples, such as the Mexica, It is essential to understand the political development of the last period of Mesoamerican civilization in Central Mexico.